Yesaya 10:21

10:21 A remnant will come back, a remnant of Jacob, to the mighty God. ¹ 

Yesaya 11:2

11:2 The Lord’s spirit will rest on him ²  –

a spirit that gives extraordinary wisdom, ³ 

a spirit that provides the ability to execute plans, ⁴ 

a spirit that produces absolute loyalty to the Lord. ⁵ 

Yesaya 42:13

42:13 The Lord emerges like a hero,

like a warrior he inspires himself for battle; ⁶ 

he shouts, yes, he yells,

he shows his enemies his power. ⁷ 

[10:21]  ¹ tn The referent of אֵל גִּבּוֹר (’el gibbor, “mighty God”) is uncertain. The title appears only here and in 9:6, where it is one of the royal titles of the coming ideal Davidic king. (Similar titles appear in Deut 10:17 and Neh 9:32 [“the great, mighty, and awesome God”] and in Jer 32:18 [“the great and mighty God”]. Both titles refer to God.) Though Hos 3:5 pictures Israel someday seeking “David their king,” and provides some support for a messianic interpretation of Isa 10:21, the Davidic king is not mentioned in the immediate context of Isa 10:21 (see Isa 11, however). The preceding verse mentions Israel relying on the Lord, so it is likely that the title refers to God here.

[11:2]  ² sn Like David (1 Sam 16:13), this king will be energized by the Lord’s spirit.

[11:2]  ³ tn Heb “a spirit of wisdom and understanding.” The synonyms are joined here to emphasize the degree of wisdom he will possess. His wisdom will enable him to make just legal decisions (v. 3). A very similar phrase occurs in Eph 1:17.

[11:2]  ⁴ tn Heb “a spirit of counsel [or “strategy”] and strength.” The construction is a hendiadys; the point is that he will have the strength/ability to execute the plans/strategies he devises. This ability will enable him to suppress oppressors and implement just policies (v. 4).

[11:2]  ⁵ tn Heb “a spirit of knowledge and fear of the Lord.” “Knowledge” is used here in its covenantal sense and refers to a recognition of God’s authority and a willingness to submit to it. See Jer 22:16. “Fear” here refers to a healthy respect for God’s authority which produces obedience. Taken together the two terms emphasize the single quality of loyalty to the Lord. This loyalty guarantees that he will make just legal decisions and implement just policies (vv. 4-5).

[42:13]  ⁶ tn Heb “like a man of war he stirs up zeal” (NIV similar).

[42:13]  ⁷ tn Or perhaps, “he triumphs over his enemies” (cf. NIV); NLT “will crush all his enemies.”